Robotisation as Rationalisation-Juniper Publishers


Authored by Lambèr Royakkers,
At the beginning of the twentieth century, German social theorist Max Weber (1864-1920) created a theory of rationalisation. He reflected on industrialisation, urbanisation, scientism and capitalism and found that the modern Western world had become dominated by a belief in rationality. Weber saw the bureaucracy as the paradigm for the rationalisation process in his day. It is well known that belief in efficiency led to the redesign of the factory and labour. Engineers not only mechanised separate actions but aimed to design the factory as one ‘great efficient machine’. Rationalisation, however, took place in many social practices. Offices, airports and cities were defined in terms of flows that could be designed and mechanised in an integrated manner. Weber discussed rationalisation as a double-edged phenomenon. On the one hand, it can have many benefits, such as broader access to cheaper products and services with consistent quality. On the other hand, he was worried about the much irrationality of rational systems. For example, bureaucracies can become inefficient because of too many regulations. Weber was most concerned about the so-called iron cage of rationality, the idea that an emphasis on rationalisation can reduce the freedom and choices people have and lead to de humanisation.

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